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目的探讨Ras相关的C3肉毒底物1(ras-related C3botulinum toxin substrate 1,Rac 1)蛋白在大肠癌中的表达及其临床意义。方法收集2010年4月—2014年5月75例结直肠癌组织蜡块、58例结直肠腺瘤组织蜡块及46例正常结直肠组织蜡块,利用免疫组织化学(免疫组化)检测Rac 1蛋白表达情况,了解Rac 1蛋白在不同组织中的表达情况,与临床病理参数的关系。计数资料比较采用秩和检验,相关分析采用Spearman相关分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果免疫组化结果显示,在75例结直肠癌组织中Rac 1蛋白染色阳性73例(97.3%),在58例结直肠腺瘤组织中Rac 1蛋白染色阳性19例(32.8%),46例正常结直肠组织中Rac l蛋白染色阳性2例(4.3%)。结直肠癌组织中Rac 1蛋白阳性表达强度明显高于正常结直肠组织及结直肠腺瘤组织,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Rac l蛋白阳性表达程度与大肠癌的分化程度及Duke分期、是否伴有淋巴结转移有相关性,差异均有统计学意义(r=0.350、0.281、0.314,均P<0.05),而与患者年龄、癌灶原发部位、性别及瘤体大小无关,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论 Rac 1蛋白在肠癌组织中表达最高,结直肠腺瘤中表达低,而正常结直肠组织中不表达。Rac 1蛋白与结直肠癌组织分化程度、Duke分期和淋巴结转移情况密切相关,而与患者年龄、性别、肿瘤发生的部位及肿瘤的大小无相关性。
Objective To investigate the expression of ras-related C3botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac 1) protein in colorectal carcinoma and its clinical significance. Methods 75 cases of colorectal cancer tissue paraffin blocks, 58 cases of colorectal adenoma tissue paraffin blocks and 46 cases of normal colorectal tissue paraffin blocks were collected from April 2010 to May 2014. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect Rac 1 protein expression, to understand the Rac 1 protein expression in different tissues, and the relationship between the clinicopathological parameters. Counting data using rank sum test, correlation analysis using Spearman correlation analysis, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The results of immunohistochemistry showed that 73 cases (97.3%) had Rac 1 protein staining in 75 cases of colorectal cancer tissues, 19 cases (32.8%) had Rac 1 protein staining in 58 cases of colorectal adenomas, and 46 cases Rac l protein staining in normal colorectal tissue was positive in 2 cases (4.3%). The positive expression of Rac 1 in colorectal cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal colorectal tissues and colorectal adenomas (all P <0.05). The positive expression of Rac1 protein was correlated with the differentiation degree of Dukes’ cancer, Duke staging and lymph node metastasis (r = 0.350,0.281,0.314, all P <0.05), but not with age , The primary site of tumor, sex and size of tumor had no significant difference (all P> 0.05). Conclusions Rac 1 protein is the highest expression in colorectal carcinoma, low expression in colorectal adenoma and not in normal colorectal tissue. Rac 1 protein is closely related to the degree of differentiation, Duke staging and lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer, but not with age, sex, tumor location and tumor size.