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明确概念的逻辑方法有定义、划分、限制和概括几种。我们在日常生活和教学中,经常要运用到这些方法来表达思想,指导学生的读写训练。定义是明确概念内涵的主要逻辑方法。下定义容易犯的毛病是使定义者与被定义者外延不相等,或者是前后循环。比如解释词语“个人主义者”,说成“个人主义者就是有个人主义作风的人”,就犯了同语反复的错误,因为这样说并没有揭示被下定义概念的内涵。类似的例子很多。
There are several ways to define, classify, limit, and generalize the logical concepts of a clear concept. In our daily life and teaching, we often use these methods to express our thoughts and guide students' reading and writing training. The definition is the main logical method of defining the connotation of concepts. It is easy to make the definition of the problem is to make the definition of those who are not equal to the extension of the definition, or cycle back and forth. For example, to interpret the word “individualist” and to say that “individualist is an individualistic person” makes mistakes in repetition of the same language because it does not reveal the connotation of the concept of being defined. A lot of similar examples.