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本文阐明了豫南桐柏山北坡土壤形成的自然条件,并以三个代表性剖面为对象,研究了土壤的发生特性。结果表明,土壤具有淡色或暗色表层,质地多为砂质壤土和砂质粘壤土,土体有一定的发育,pH呈酸性至微酸性,盐基饱和度多在80％左右,土壤粘粒的硅铝率均>3.4,粘土矿物组成主要为水云母、高岭石、蛭石。土壤类型随海拔高度增加而有规律地变化,基带土壤为黄棕壤,中部为暗黄棕壤,棕壤则分布在1000m以上。文章还提出了土壤资源合理利用的基本途径,即以林为主,在搞好水土保持工作的同时,实行多种经营措施相结合的综合开发体系。
This paper clarifies the natural conditions of soil formation on the northern slope of Tongbai Mountain in South Henan, and studies the occurrence characteristics of soil by taking three representative sections as objects. The results showed that the soil had light or dark surface layer, mostly sandy loam and sandy loam soil, the soil had some development, the pH was acidic to slightly acidic, the base saturation was more than 80%, the soil clay Si-Al rate> 3.4, mainly composed of clay minerals mica, kaolinite, vermiculite. The soil types changed regularly with the altitude increasing. The base soil was yellow-brown soil, the middle part was dark yellow brown soil, and the brown soil was distributed over 1000m. The article also proposed the rational use of soil resources, the basic approach to forest-based, while doing a good job of soil and water conservation at the same time, the implementation of a variety of business measures combined with the integrated development system.