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目的了解江苏省自然人群耳科疾病的流行情况,为制订防治策略提供科学依据。方法依照WHO方案,用按容量比例概率抽样(PPS)方法对江苏省40个调查点8412人进行耳科和听力调查。结果耳科疾病的患病率为26.3%(全国标准化患病率为22.6%),其中外耳病2.4%,中耳病3.5%,内耳病(伴感音神经性听力损失)22.0%。耳疾患病率随年龄增长而增高,男性高于女性,农村高于城镇,其差别均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。干预需求:调查人群中6.9%需要验配助听器,2.4%需要药物治疗,1.2%需要耳外科非急诊治疗,1.0%需要其他治疗。结论耳科疾病的高患病率会严重影响社会发展,应引起政府和全社会的更多关注。制订和执行科学的防治策略是十分重要和迫切的。防治中应更多关注农村、男性和老年人群。
Objective To understand the prevalence of otological diseases in natural populations in Jiangsu Province and to provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods According to the WHO protocol, 8412 persons from 40 investigation points in Jiangsu Province were surveyed by the method of PPS. Results The prevalence of otopathy was 26.3% (national standardized prevalence was 22.6%), including 2.4% of otocardium, 3.5% of middle ear, and 22.0% of inner ear (with sensorineural hearing loss). The prevalence of ear diseases increased with age, male higher than female, rural areas higher than the town, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). INTERVENTION REQUIREMENTS: 6.9% of the population surveyed required fitting hearing aids, 2.4% required medications, 1.2% required non-emergency surgical treatment of otorhinolaryngology, and 1.0% required additional treatment. Conclusion The high prevalence of otological diseases will seriously affect the social development and should arouse more attention of the government and the whole society. It is very important and urgent to formulate and implement a scientific prevention and control strategy. Prevention and treatment should pay more attention to rural areas, men and the elderly.