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情报学研究的认知观点视情报需求为知识结构的不充分、异常等缺陷状态。领域知识和语言知识是情报需求表达中利用的基本知识。表述知识结构缺陷的局限性、用户与文献创作者在两种知识结构上存在的明显距离 ,是导致情报检索失败的主要原因。因此 ,情报系统如何响应用户有缺陷的知识结构 ,反映和支持用户在情报需求表述中所利用的领域和语言知识结构就成为不容忽视的问题。
The cognitive view of information science research depends on the information needs of the intelligence structure as inadequate, abnormal and other defects. Domain knowledge and language knowledge are the basic knowledge used in the expression of information needs. The limitation of expressing structural defects of knowledge and the apparent distance between users and document creators in the structure of the two kinds of knowledge are the main reasons leading to the failure of information retrieval. Therefore, how the information system responds to the user’s defective knowledge structure and reflects and supports the domain and language knowledge structure utilized by the user in the representation of the information needs becomes an issue that can not be ignored.