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目的了解北京市小汤山地区儿童贫血分布情况,并指出合理化预防措施。方法采用日本产西斯美康xs-800i全血细胞分析仪,检测0-3岁儿童末梢血的血红蛋白含量。结果 2013年儿保门诊0~3岁儿童体检人数为1334人,其中贫血患儿为176名,贫血的发病率是13.19%。其中,本地儿童616人,贫血发病率是9.42%;流动儿童718人,贫血发病率是16.43%,二者间有统计学差异(P<0.01);男性儿童贫血发病率为13.02%,女性贫血发病率13.46%,二者间无统计学差异(P>0.01);6个月-1岁儿童贫血发病率为35.79%,1-2岁为4.48%,2-3岁为2.61%,三组间有统计学差异(P<0.01),纯母乳喂养儿童贫血人数为47人,贫血的发病率是6.15%,混合喂养儿童贫血人数为29人,贫血的发病率是8.19%,人工喂养喂养儿童贫血人数为100人,贫血的发病率是46.30%,三者差异存在统计学意义(P<0.01);母孕期贫血儿童贫血人数为97人,贫血的发病率是18.29%,母孕期无贫血儿童贫血人数为79人,贫血的发病率是10.75%,三者差异存在统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论本地区0~3岁儿童贫血患病比6个月-1岁儿童显著增高,流动儿童比本市儿童贫血患病率显著增高,此外母孕期贫血及婴儿喂养方式的不同也是影响儿童贫血的原因,加强流动儿童管理,正确指导6个月后婴儿家长的喂养方法及加强预产妇孕期营养指导应成为今后工作的重点。
Objective To understand the distribution of children’s anemia in Xiaotangshan area in Beijing and to point out the rational prevention measures. Methods Hematopoietin xs-800i whole blood cell analyzer was used to detect hemoglobin content in peripheral blood of 0-3 year-old children. Results In 2013, the number of children aged 0 ~ 3 years old in childbirth clinic was 1334, of which 176 were anemia children. The incidence of anemia was 13.19%. Among them, there were 616 local children with anemia incidence rate of 9.42%, 718 floating children with anemia incidence rate of 16.43%, there was a significant difference between the two (P <0.01); the incidence of anemia in male children was 13.02%; female anemia The incidence of anemia in children aged 6 months to 1 year was 35.79%, that of children aged 1-2 years was 4.48%, and that of children aged 2-3 years was 2.61%. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.01) There was a significant difference between the two groups (P <0.01). The number of anemia in exclusively breastfed children was 47, the incidence of anemia was 6.15%, the number of anemic children in mixed feeding was 29 and the incidence of anemia was 8.19% The number of anemia was 100 and the incidence of anemia was 46.30%. There was a significant difference among the three (P <0.01). The number of anemia in anemia of pregnant women was 97 and the incidence of anemia was 18.29% The number of anemic patients was 79, and the incidence of anemia was 10.75%. The differences among the three groups were statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of anemia in children aged 0 ~ 3 years in this area is significantly higher than that of children aged 6 months to 1 year. The prevalence of anemia in migrant children is significantly higher than that of children in this city. In addition, the difference of anemia during the first trimester and the mode of infant feeding also affects anemia in children. Reason, to strengthen the management of migrant children, proper guidance 6 months after the baby’s feeding method and strengthen prenatal nutrition guidance should be the focus of future work.