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国际习惯是国际法的一种重要渊源,它与国际条约相互补充,各自发挥其调整国际关系的作用。作为国际法的主要渊源的国际习惯能不能成为国内法的渊源呢?这主要取决于各国国内法的规定。英国将国际习惯规则视作国内法的一部分,法院可以适用国际习惯规则,只是要受到两方面的限制:一是这些习惯规则不能与现有的或以后出现的国内成文法相冲突;二是这些习惯规则的适用范围一旦为有终审权的英国法院所确定,所有英国法垸均受该项确定的约束。这两项限制,尽管会造成藐视国际法的后果,但要英国法院必须遵守。 法国法院一向认为可以适用国际习惯,但以不与国内立法冲突为限。但法院尽可能将法国立法解释为不与国际习惯相抵触。 德国宪法第25条规定:“国际法的一般规则构成联邦宪法的一部分,此等规则之效
International custom is an important source of international law. It complements international treaties and plays their respective roles in the adjustment of international relations. Can international practices as the main source of international law become the source of domestic law? It depends mainly on the provisions of national laws of various countries. The United Kingdom regards customary international rules as part of domestic law and the courts can apply international customary rules only with two restrictions: first, these customary rules can not conflict with existing or later domestic statutory laws; second, these customs Once the scope of application of the rules has been established by a UK court with the final adjudication, all UK law enforcement is bound by this determination. Both of these restrictions, even though they would cause defiance of the consequences of international law, must be observed by English courts. French courts have always held that international norms can be applied, but not to the extent that they conflict with domestic legislation. However, the courts, to the extent possible, interpreted French legislation as not inconsistent with international custom. Article 25 of the German Constitution stipulates: "The general rules of international law form part of the Federal Constitution and the effect of these rules