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文明从结构学角度考察是一种独特的物质和精神结构 ;从功能学角度考察是人的一种生存样态 ;从发生学角度考察是人的尊严和价值得到等值尊重 ,人的本质得到越来越全面和丰富的展现的过程。一种具体的文明形态总是存在于一定的时空架构中 ,因此 ,对文明的科学考察必须将时间维度 (发展维度 )和空间维度 (结构维度 )结合起来 ,既考察其发展的阶段性 ,把握发展的类型特征 ,又考察其结构的规定性 ,把握结构上质的同一性。以往文明比较研究的误区在于 ,在方法论上割裂了时空维度 ,使比较抽象化 ,导致比较结论的莫衷一是 ,对外来文明态度的根本对立
The study of civilization from the perspective of the structure is a unique material and spiritual structure; the investigation from the perspective of function is a kind of living state of human beings; the investigation from the perspective of genesis is the equal respect of human dignity and value, the essence of human beings More and more comprehensive and rich presentation process. Therefore, a scientific investigation of civilization must combine the time dimension (development dimension) and the space dimension (structure dimension), not only examining the stage of its development, but also grasping The type of development characteristics, but also examine the provisions of its structure, to grasp the structure of qualitative identity. The misunderstanding in the comparative study of past civilizations lies in the fact that the methodological split of the space-time dimension makes abstraction more abstract and leads to the incomprehensibility of comparative conclusions. The fundamental opposition to the attitude of foreign civilizations,