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导论 科学一向被认为是理性的事业,科学方法也一向被认为是达到认识世界的最好方法,而科学哲学的历史主义学派开门人库恩则提出了另一套科学观,从此科学合理性遇到了严重的挑战。 库恩在《科学革命的结构》一书中提出这样的科学发展图式:前科学时期——常态科学——危机与科学革命——新的常态科学……。常态科学时期,科学共同体信奉同一个“范式”,去从事解疑难活动,库恩承认在这个时期科学是合乎理性地发展的,但他否认科
Introduction Science has always been regarded as a rational career, and scientific methods have always been regarded as the best way to get to know the world. However, Kuhn, the historian of philosophy of science, has proposed another set of scientific concepts. To a serious challenge. Kuhn proposed such a pattern of scientific development in the book The Structure of Scientific Revolution: Pre-scientific Period - Normal Science - Crisis and Scientific Revolution - New Normal Science .... During the normal science period, the scientific community believed in the same “paradigm” to engage in solutions to difficult problems. Kuhn admitted that science developed rationally during this period, but he denied that