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子痫前期是妊娠期高血压疾病的一种类型,以广泛的母体血管内皮损伤为特征。胎盘抗血管生成因子表达的改变与疾病的临床表现相关,可致内皮损伤,导致高血压、蛋白尿及子痫前期的多脏器病变。目前的抗血管生成因子有可溶性fms-样酪氨酸激酶受体-1(sFlt1)和可溶性CD105淋巴细胞抗原(sEng),两者在其调节因子包括血红素氧合酶1(HO-1)和抗血管紧张素Ⅱ-1型受体自身抗体(AT1-AA)的作用下,以及血管生成因子[血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和胎盘生长因子(PLGF)]与抗血管生成因子平衡失调的情况下,sFlt1和sEng可在子痫前期临床症状凸显前几周就发生改变,血清中表达增加。因此,可作为预测子痫前期的生物学标记,为临床早期诊断提供依据。并且恢复血管生成因子和抗血管生成因子之间的平衡也是治疗子痫前期的新思路之一。
Preeclampsia is a type of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy characterized by a wide range of maternal vascular endothelial lesions. Changes in the expression of antiangiogenic factors in the placenta are associated with the clinical manifestations of the disease and can lead to endothelial damage leading to multiple organ diseases of hypertension, proteinuria and preeclampsia. Current anti-angiogenic factors are soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase receptor-1 (sFlt1) and soluble CD105 lymphocyte antigen (sEng), both of which are involved in the regulation of their regulatory factors including heme oxygenase 1 (HO- And anti-angiotensin II-1 receptor autoantibodies (AT1-AA), as well as dysregulation of angiogenic factors [vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PLGF)] and antiangiogenic factors In cases, sFlt1 and sEng may change in the first few weeks of preeclamptic clinical manifestations, with increased expression in serum. Therefore, it can be used as a biomarker to predict preeclampsia and provide the basis for early clinical diagnosis. And restore the balance between angiogenic factors and anti-angiogenic factors is also one of the new ideas for the treatment of preeclampsia.