论文部分内容阅读
泥炭是煤化程度最低的煤,它是由水、矿物质和有机质三部分组成的,既是一种能源,又是工农业许多部门必需的原材料和化工原料,是一种宝贵的天然矿产资源。泥炭地还具有重要的自然保护功能。泥炭含有一定的腐殖酸,腐殖酸又称胡敏酸。它是由动植物遗骸主要是植物遗骸在微生物和介质作用下,经过分解和合成变化而形成的一种有机物质。煤炭腐殖酸存在于泥炭、风化煤和褐煤中。腐殖酸中含有碳、氢、氧、氮等元素,有芳香核、羟基、羧基、羰基、甲氧基等官能团,这些官能团决定腐殖酸具有弱酸性、亲水性、离子交换性、络合性、氧化还原性及生物活性等。泥炭的利用全世界泥炭储量达5000亿吨,国外对泥炭资源进行了多年的深入研究和综合利用开发,从泥炭的开采到加工全部实现机械化,技术十分先进,产品多种多样,在农业、医学、环保、燃料、建筑等领域应用十分广泛。其中用于农业和园艺业生产的有高效有机无机肥料、腐殖酸肥料和园艺基质、植物生长防病促进剂、食用菌培养基、泥炭饲料等。
Peat is the coal with the lowest degree of coalification. It is composed of water, minerals and organic matter. It is not only an energy source but also the necessary raw materials and chemical raw materials for many sectors of industry and agriculture. It is a precious natural mineral resource. Peatlands also have important natural protection features. Peat contains a certain amount of humic acid, humic acid, also known as humic acid. It is an organic material formed by the decomposition of animal and plant remains, mainly plant remains, under the action of microbes and media. Coal humic acid exists in peat, weathered coal and lignite. Humic acid contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and other elements, aromatic nucleus, hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl, methoxy and other functional groups, these functional groups determine humic acid with weak acidity, hydrophilicity, ion exchange, network Enzymatic, redox and biological activity. Peat utilization The peat reserves in the world reach 500000000000 tons, foreign perennial research and comprehensive utilization of peat resources for exploitation, from peat mining to processing all mechanization, technology is very advanced, a variety of products in agriculture, medicine , Environmental protection, fuel, construction and other fields is widely used. Among them, there are highly efficient organic and inorganic fertilizers, humic acid fertilizers and horticultural substrates, plant growth and disease-resistance promoters, edible fungi media, peat feed and the like for agricultural and horticultural production.