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目的了解中哈边境阿拉山口口岸地区鼠、蜱等病媒生物种群构成。方法 2014年1月-10月,在中哈边境线及阿拉山口口岸的城区、郊区、野外,分别采用夹夜(昼)法和布旗法捕获鼠类和蜱虫,进行形态学鉴定。结果经分类鉴定,该地区鼠类有3科2亚科7属9种。捕获的360只鼠中,大沙鼠141只,占39.2%,是优势鼠种;红尾沙鼠91只,占25.3%;褐家鼠58只,占16.1%;小家鼠37只,占10.3%;子午沙鼠、小五趾跳鼠、柽柳沙鼠、小林姬鼠、灰仓鼠等数量较少。共采集蜱虫551只,鉴定结果为1科5属8种,其中优势种为亚洲璃眼蜱,占72%;其次是短垫血蜱占12%;银盾革蜱占8%;其他蜱种则数量较少。结论中哈边境阿拉山口口岸地区鼠、蜱种类丰富,应密切监测该地区病媒生物种群构成及变化。
Objective To understand the population composition of vector such as rat and tick in Alashankou Port of China-Kazakhstan border. Methods From January to October 2014, the rats and ticks were captured in the urban, suburban and wild areas of the border of China and Kazakhstan and the port of Alashankou, respectively. Results According to the classification and identification, there are 9 species, 7 subfamilies, 3 families, 2 subfamilies in this area. Among the 360 mice captured, 141 gerbils were large, accounting for 39.2% of the total, of which 91 species were red-winged gerbils, accounting for 25.3%; 58 brown rodents, accounting for 16.1%; and 37 domestic mice, accounting for 10.3%; Meriones unguiculatus, Pegasus jerusalem, Tamarisk gerbil, Apodemus agrarius, gray hamster number less. A total of 551 ticks were collected, and the identification results were 8 species, 1 genera, 5 genera, of which 8 species belonged to 1 genera and 1 species, of which 72% were Asian dominant species; followed by 12% of paddy water ticks; 8% The number of species is less. CONCLUSIONS There are abundant rodents and ticks in the Alashankou Border Area of China-Kazakhstan border. The composition and changes of vector populations in this area should be closely monitored.