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目的研究岳阳市君山区鼠害对鼠传播疾病发病的影响,为制定防制对策提供依据。方法应用流行病学方法对君山区鼠传疾病与鼠害关系进行探讨。结果1981-2007年君山区鼠传疾病有钩端螺旋体病和肾综合征出血热2种。鼠害年与非鼠害年鼠传疾病发病率比较:钩端螺旋体病鼠害年发病率高于非鼠害年,差异有统计学意义(x~2=701.38,P<0.01),且鼠害与钩体病存在正强关联(RR=3.71,95% CI 3.35～4.14);而肾综合征出血热发病率差异无统计学意义(x~2=0.33,P>0.05),且鼠害对肾综合征出血热病有微弱的有害关联(RR=1.15,95%CI 0.72～1.84),鼠害与肾综合征出血热发病之间可能无关系。结论君山区东方田鼠鼠害主要影响钩体病的发病率,而对肾综合征出血热发病率影响不大,在鼠害年应加强宿主动物监测和防制以钩体病为重点的鼠传疾病。
Objective To study the effects of rodent pests on the incidence of rat-borne diseases in Junshan District, Yueyang City, so as to provide evidence for the development of control strategies. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to investigate the relationship between rodent disease and rodent pests in Junshan district. Results From 1981 to 2007, there were 2 rodent diseases in Junshan district, including leptospirosis and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. The incidence of leptospirosis in mice was higher than that in non-rodents (x ~ 2 = 701.38, P <0.01), and rats The incidence of leishmaniasis was positively correlated with leptospirosis (RR = 3.71, 95% CI 3.35-4.14). There was no significant difference in the incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (x ~ 2 = 0.33, P> 0.05) There was a weak association with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (RR = 1.15, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.84) and no association between rodent infestation and the onset of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Conclusion The rodents mainly affect the incidence of leptospirosis in Junshan District, but have little effect on the incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. In rodent pests, the monitoring of host animals should be strengthened and the murine rodent disease.