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目的为了解住院老年患者医院感染发生的情况及其相关危险因素,探讨相应措施。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对2008年1月-2009年12月收治的≥60岁的老年患者986例进行调查分析。结果 986例住院老年患者中,发生医院感染117例,感染率为11.87%,感染部位以呼吸道为主,占65.81%,其次为泌尿道(14.53%)、胃肠道(11.11%);感染的病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,占54.62%,革兰阳性菌为29.41%,真菌感染有上升趋势为15.92%;医院感染危险因素与年龄、性别、住院时间、基础疾病、抗菌药物的应用及侵入性操作有关。结论老年住院患者易发生医院感染,应重视治疗基础疾病,减少危险因素;临床上应加强营养、适度运动、合理应用抗菌药物,避免侵入性操作,减少住院时间,以提高机体免疫力,以减少医院感染的发生。
Objective To understand the hospitalized elderly patients with nosocomial infections and related risk factors to explore the corresponding measures. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted to investigate and analyze 986 elderly patients ≥60 years old who were admitted from January 2008 to December 2009. Results Among the 986 hospitalized elderly patients, 117 cases of nosocomial infection occurred, with an infection rate of 11.87%. Most of the infected sites were respiratory, accounting for 65.81%, followed by urinary tract (14.53%) and gastrointestinal tract (11.11%). Infected Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens, accounting for 54.62%, Gram-positive bacteria was 29.41% and fungal infections were up-trend was 15.92%. The risk factors of hospital infection were related to age, sex, length of hospital stay, underlying diseases, antimicrobial agents Invasive operations related. Conclusions Senile hospitalized patients are prone to nosocomial infection. Attention should be paid to the treatment of underlying diseases and to reduce the risk factors. In clinical practice, nutrition and moderate exercise should be strengthened, antimicrobial drugs should be applied reasonably, invasive procedures should be avoided, hospitalization time should be reduced, immunity of the body should be reduced, Occurrence of hospital infection.