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Otto Frankel在1947年发表的《作物产量育种的理论》一文中说道:“产量的增加过去是,现在仍然是通过克服那些具有相当明确作用的限制因子,而不是通过把产量基因结合起来,虽然后者似乎是与前者同时存在的”.他进一步指出,虽然有些“产量因子”可能对可察见的产量构成因素有专一的作用,但很多基因是通过生理过程间接起作用,进而影响总体——产量的水平,而不只是影响个别的产量构成因素.
Otto Frankel, in his 1947 book, Theory of Crop Yield Breeding, said: “The increase in production was, and still is, by overcoming the rather well-defined limiting factors rather than by combining yield genes, though The latter seems to be co-existing with the former. ”He further pointed out that while some “ yield factors ”may have a specific effect on the observable yield components, many genes act indirectly through physiological processes, Which in turn affects the overall level of output rather than just the individual yield components.