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目的分析甲基苯丙胺(MA)滥用者抑郁症状的可能影响因素。方法用自拟《苯丙胺类使用相关行为调查问卷》和Beck-13抑郁自评量表对2012年1月至2012年7月北京市和广东省深圳市强制戒毒和自愿戒毒所收治的442例MA滥用者进行调查评价。对MA滥用者的Beck-13总分中位数、抑郁症状发生情况及其程度、MA滥用者出现抑郁症状的危险因素进行统计分析。结果共回收有效问卷414份,问卷有效率93.67%;对414例MA滥用者进行自评,其中有效自评问卷408份,自评问卷有效率为98.55%。408例MA滥用者的Beck-13总分中位数为8.00分,其中有抑郁症状304例,占74.51%。在有抑郁症状者中,轻度87例(28.62%),中度150例(49.34%),重度67例(22.04%)。单因素分析结果显示,性别、职业、家庭关系、首次滥用剂量、滥用时间、戒毒时间均会对抑郁程度产生影响(P<0.05)。非条件Logistic回归结果显示,男性(P<0.001)以及首次滥用剂量较大(>0.2 g)(P<0.05)是MA滥用者出现抑郁症状的危险因素。结论 MA滥用者中抑郁症状发生率较高,程度较重,且男性、首次滥用剂量较大者发生抑郁的危险较重。
Objective To analyze the possible influencing factors of depression in methamphetamine abusers. Methods A total of 442 cases of MA with compulsory detoxification and voluntary detoxification in Beijing and Guangdong Province from January 2012 to July 2012 were recruited with self-prepared Questionnaire on Behavior Related to Amphetamines and Beck-13 Depression Self-rating Scale Abusers conduct investigation and evaluation. The median score of Beck-13, the occurrence and extent of depressive symptoms, and the risk factors of depressive symptoms in MA abusers were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 414 valid questionnaires were collected and the questionnaire was 93.67% efficient. 414 MA abusers were self-rated, of which 408 were valid self-assessment questionnaires and 98.55% were self-assessment questionnaires. 408 patients with MA abusers Beck-13 total score of 8.00 points, of which 304 cases of depression, accounting for 74.51%. There were 87 cases (28.62%) mild, 150 cases moderate (49.34%) and 67 cases (22.04%) mild. Univariate analysis showed that gender, occupation, family relationship, first dose of abuse, time of abuse and time of detoxification had an impact on the degree of depression (P <0.05). Non-conditional Logistic regression showed that men (P <0.001) and first-time abuse (> 0.2 g) (P <0.05) were risk factors for depressive symptoms in MA abusers. Conclusions The incidence of depressive symptoms in MA abusers is higher and more severe, and the risk of depression is higher in men with the first dose of abuse.