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目的研究不同n-3/n-6配比的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)对大鼠血脂影响。方法将58只SD大鼠根据血清总胆固醇(TC)水平随机分为6组,分别给予基础饲料、高脂饲料和添加n-3/n-6不同配比PUFA的高脂或基础饲料。于第15,30,45 d分别测血脂水平,第45 d取脂肪组织称重并测肝组织中过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPAR-γ)和腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶α2(AMPK-α2)的mRNA表达。结果摄入添加PUFA膳食的4组大鼠45d后血清甘油三酯(TG)分别为(1.15±0.37),(1.25±0.56),(1.00±0.25),(1.17±0.30)mmol/L,均明显低于高脂组的(1.73±0.33)mmol/L;TC分别为(1.80±0.18),(1.89±0.20),(1.41±0.21),(1.58±0.16)mmol/L,均明显低于高脂组的(2.23±0.19)mmol/L;低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)分别为(1.00±0.23),(1.25±0.18),(1.06±0.13),(1.25±0.14)mmol/L,均明显低于高脂组的(1.53±0.27)mmol/L;其脂体比、PPAR-γmRNA、AMPK-α2mRNA表达量均明显高于高脂组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论PUFA改善大鼠高血脂并降低脂肪积累,可能与肝组织AMPK和PPAR-γ等脂肪酸氧化基因表达增加有关。
Objective To study the effects of different n-3 / n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on blood lipids in rats. Methods Fifty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups according to the level of total cholesterol (TC), and were given basic diet, high-fat diet and high-fat or basic diet supplemented with n-3 / n-6 PUFA. Blood lipid levels were measured on the 15th, 30th and 45th days respectively. On the 45th day, adipose tissue was weighed and the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) and adenylate-activated protein kinase α2 (AMPK-α2) mRNA expression. Results Serum triglycerides (TG) in the four groups of rats fed PUFA diet for 45 days were (1.15 ± 0.37), (1.25 ± 0.56), (1.00 ± 0.25) and (1.17 ± 0.30) mmol / L respectively (1.73 ± 0.33) mmol / L and (1.80 ± 0.18) and (1.89 ± 0.20) and (1.41 ± 0.21) and (1.58 ± 0.16) mmol / L, respectively, (2.23 ± 0.19) mmol / L and LDL-C were (1.00 ± 0.23), (1.25 ± 0.18), (1.06 ± 0.13) and (1.25 ± 0.14) mmol / (1.53 ± 0.27) mmol / L, respectively. The expressions of lipids, PPAR-γmRNA and AMPK-α2mRNA were all significantly higher than those in the hyperlipemia group (P < 0.05). Conclusion PUFA can improve hyperlipidemia and reduce fat accumulation in rats, which may be related to the increase of fatty acid oxidase genes such as AMPK and PPAR-γ in liver tissues.