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为了保证换辊小车横移车架刚度在符合要求的前提下达到轻量化的要求,提出了基于重量和刚度为目标函数的横移车架多目标优化设计方法。首先,对横移车架进行了静态特性分析,得到换辊时横移车架的应力分布和变形情况;然后,建立由设计变量所决定的车架重量和刚度的多目标优化数学模型,通过中心复合试验设计法选取合适的分析样本点,并在ANSYS Workbench软件中对样本点处的静态特性进行计算和分析;最后,为了降低多目标优化计算量,先通过Shifted Hamersley抽样技术产生一个次优的初始解集,再运用多目标遗传算法对横移车架的质量和最大变形进行多目标优化获得Pareto优化解集。结果表明,优化后横移车架最大变形量减少10%,重量减小3%,并且车架变形及应力分布更加合理。
In order to ensure the rigidity of roll-shifting carriage of roll-changing trolley to meet the requirements of light weight, the multi-objective optimization design method of traverse frame based on weight and stiffness as objective function is proposed. First, the static characteristics of the traverse frame are analyzed to get the stress distribution and deformation of the traverse frame when the roll is changed. Then, a multi-objective optimization mathematical model of the frame weight and stiffness determined by the design variables is established. The central composite experimental design method chooses the appropriate sample points and calculates and analyzes the static characteristics of the sample points in the ANSYS Workbench software. Finally, in order to reduce the number of multi-objective optimization calculations, a suboptimal solution is obtained by Shifted Hamersley sampling Then the multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to optimize the mass and maximum deformation of the traverse frame to obtain the Pareto optimal solution set. The results show that the maximum deformation of traverse frame is reduced by 10% and the weight is reduced by 3% after optimization, and the deformation and stress distribution of frame are more reasonable.