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美国的西进运动是美国向其西部地区大规模的移民和开发运动,它是美国历史上的重要篇章。美国独立后,不断向西部扩展国土、移民拓荒、开发资源、开拓市场,直到1890年左右才结束。西进运动是美国历史上的重大战略性举措,它对美国的政治、经济、民族性格、文化传统产生了深远的影响,它为美国在19世纪末崛起并于20世纪成为世界超级大国奠定了坚实的物质基础。以前人们研究西进运动,往往注重政治、经济方面的因素,而忽视了传播的作用。事实上,在西进运动中,传播活动扮演了重要角色,并形成了富有特色的“西进传播”。 本文拟对美国西进传播的方式进行探讨。美国西进传播的方式有口语传播、信件、书籍、报刊、有线电报与通讯社、电话等。这些传播方式在西进运动中的状况如何?哪些方式作用较大?西进传播方式总体上有何特点?在我国正在推行西部大开发战略的今天,研究这些问题更具有重要的现实意义。
The westward movement of the United States is a massive U.S. immigration and development movement to the western region. It is an important chapter in the history of the United States. After the independence of the United States, it continued to expand its territory to the west and immigrated to develop its resources and open up markets until it ended in about 1890. The westward movement was a major strategic move in the history of the United States. It had a profound impact on the politics, economy, national character and cultural tradition of the United States. It laid a solid foundation for the United States to rise at the end of the 19th century and become the world’s superpower in the 20th century The material basis. In the past, people studied the Western Movement and tended to pay attention to the political and economic factors while neglecting the role of communication. In fact, in the westward movement, communication activities played an important role and formed a distinctive “westward spread.” This article intends to explore the way the United States spreads westward. Spread the West into the United States to spread the way, letters, books, newspapers, cable and news agencies, telephone and so on. What is the status of these modes of communication in the course of the westward movement and which modes are more effective? What are the characteristics of the mode of the westward transmission in general? The study of these problems is of great practical significance now that our country is implementing the strategy of developing the west region.