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本文讨论了流态化床炉在碳钢及中合金工具钢中性淬火中的应用,所应用的设备主要是可以处理多种尺寸零件的生产装置。同时讨论了这种装置的多用途性以及控制上的简易性。工具和零件的渗碳和碳氮共渗已经是经过验证的技术,文中详细讨论了渗层深度、碳势的控制以及碳梯度的测量。由于金属热处理用的流态化床炉技术发展的结果,使得此设备已经在工业生产中获得应用,用以代替传统的盐浴炉以及密封式淬火炉。埋入式燃烧技术的发展以及加热并同时进行渗碳用的丙烷气氛的采用,为在单一设备中和在广泛温度范围内进行奥氏体化提供了可能性。这种炉型的多用途性特别令人注目,它的温度范围使之可用来对除高速钢以外的大多数工具钢进行奥氏体化。本文列出了用流态化床炉对一系列不同的AISI工具钢进行中性硬化处理的实际结果,以及通过碳氮共渗获得很浅的和中等深度的渗层、通过直接渗碳获得较深的渗层和控制表面含碳量的应用实例。
This article discusses the application of fluidized bed furnaces in the neutral quenching of carbon steel and medium alloy tool steels. The equipment used is mainly for the production of parts of various sizes. The versatility of the device and the ease of control are also discussed. Carburizing and carbonitriding of tools and parts are already proven techniques, depth of permeation, control of carbon potential and measurement of carbon gradients are discussed in detail. As a result of the development of the fluidized bed furnace technology for metal heat treatment, this equipment has been used in industrial production to replace the traditional salt bath furnaces and hermetic quenching furnaces. The development of burial combustion technology and the introduction of a propane atmosphere for heating and simultaneous carburization offer the possibility of austenitizing in a single unit and over a wide range of temperatures. The versatility of this type of furnace is particularly noticeable, its temperature range makes it possible to austenitize most tool steels except high speed steels. This article presents the actual results of a fluidized bed furnace for neutral hardening of a range of different AISI tool steels as well as obtaining very shallow and medium depth beds by carbonitriding compared with direct carburizing Examples of deep permeation and control of carbon content on the surface.