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利用92个SSR标记对108份青稞亲本材料进行多态性扫描,分析其遗传多样性,旨在寻找与农艺性状相关联的分子标记,为青稞杂交组合的配制及分子标记辅助育种提供依据。挑选48个多态性标记进行群体遗传结构分析,在此基础上采用Tassel 2.1 GLM(general linear model)和MLM(mixed linear model)方法进行标记与农艺性状的关联分析。共检测出156个等位变异,每个位点2~6个等位变异。供试群体的Shannon指数为0.6727~1.1368,材料间遗传相似系数为0.2250~1.0000,平均0.7585。通过群体遗传结构分析将供试材料划分成4个亚群。以GLM分析,发现12个与株高、穗长、穗粒数和分蘖数相关联的标记,对表型变异的解释率分别为11.5%~17.6%、19.4%~45.4%、15.4%~22.1%和29.2%;以MLM分析,发现8个与株高、分蘖数和小穗数相关的标记,各标记对表型变异的解释率分别为31.7%~49.8%、28.1%~37.2%、22.7%~32.7%。关联标记分布在基因组全部6个连锁群上。
A total of 108 SSR markers were used to detect the genetic diversity of 108 accessions of barley. The aim was to find out the molecular markers associated with agronomic traits, and to provide the basis for the breeding and molecular marker-assisted breeding of barley hybrids. A total of 48 polymorphic markers were selected for population genetic structure analysis. On the basis of this, Tassel 2.1 GLM (general linear model) and MLM (mixed linear model) were used to analyze the relationship between markers and agronomic traits. A total of 156 alleles were detected, ranging from 2 to 6 alleles per locus. The Shannon index of the tested population was 0.6727 ~ 1.1368, and the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.2250 ~ 1.0000, with an average of 0.7585. The test materials were divided into four subgroups by population genetic structure analysis. According to GLM analysis, 12 markers associated with plant height, spike length, number of grains per spike and tillering number were found, and the explanatory rates of phenotypic variation were 11.5% -17.6%, 19.4% -45.4%, 15.4% -22.1 % And 29.2% respectively. Eight markers related to plant height, tiller number and spikelet number were found by MLM analysis. The explained rates of phenotypic variation for each marker were 31.7% -49.8%, 28.1% -37.2%, 22.7% % ~ 32.7%. Associated markers are located in all 6 linkage groups in the genome.