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通过田间小区试验,分别向塿土土壤中添加0、20、40、60、80 t·hm~(-2)的苹果果树枝条生物炭后,分析了生物炭对土壤温度、土壤团聚体、NO_3~--N、NH_4~+-N、微生物量碳以及土壤温室气体排放的影响.结果表明,生物炭可以缓解土壤温度的变化,增加土壤大团聚体的数量,尤其是>5 mm、5~2 mm和1~0.5 mm的团聚体数量.与对照相比,随着生物炭施用量的增加,土壤NO_3~--N、NH_4~+-N、微生物量碳分别增加了4.9%~33.9%、9.1%~41.1%和11.8%~38.5%.本研究中生物炭对土壤温室气排放的影响主要表现为:添加生物炭后,土壤CO_2的排放量以及CH_4的吸收汇分别增加了6.73%~23.35%和3.62%~14.17%;施用20 t·hm~(-2)和40 t·hm~(-2)的生物炭降低了土壤N_2O的排放和综合增温潜势(GWP),而当生物炭施用量大于等于60 t·hm~(-2)时反而增加了土壤N_2O的排放和综合增温潜势(GWP).说明生物炭作为一种土壤改良剂和碳减排剂,能够改善土壤质量,提高土壤肥力,提高农田土壤增汇减排的作用,此外,选择合适的生物炭施用量至关重要.
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of biochar on soil temperature, soil aggregates, NO_3 ~ - N, NH_4 ~ + -N, microbial biomass carbon and soil greenhouse gas emissions.The results show that biochar can alleviate the change of soil temperature and increase the number of soil macroaggregates, especially> 5 mm, 2 mm and 1 ~ 0.5 mm.Compared with the control, soil NO 3 - -N, NH 4 + -N, and microbial biomass C increased by 4.9% -33.9% with the increase of biochar application, , 9.1% -41.1% and 11.8% -38.5%, respectively.The impact of biochar on soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions was mainly as follows: after biochar was added, the emission of soil CO 2 and the absorption of CH 4 increased by 6.73% 23.35% and 3.62% -14.17%, respectively. Application of 20 t · hm -2 and 40 t · hm -2 biochar decreased soil N 2 O and GWP, Biochar increased the soil N2O emission and integrated warming potential (GWP) when the biochar application rate was greater than or equal to 60 t · hm -2, indicating that biochar as a soil conditioner and carbon reducer could change Soil quality, improve soil fertility and enhance the role of the soil increased sequestration of farmland, in addition, is essential to choose the appropriate application rate of biochar.