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[目的]通过分析三种常见脑小血管病(CSVD) MRI标记患者的临床特征,探讨CSVD的危险因素,并推测其发病机制以及预测其发展和演变.[方法]选择在MRI上拥有白质高信号(white matter hyper-tensity,WMH)、腔隙、血管周围间隙(perivascular space,PVS)这三种常见CSVD的MRI标记的患者作为研究对象,收集其一般资料,测定分析其空腹血同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、血尿酸(UA)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平.[结果]CSVD组中:年龄、吸烟史、Hcy为其危险因素;WMH组中:性别(男)、年龄、糖尿病史、Hcy为其危险因素,HDDC为其保护因素;腔隙组中:年龄、吸烟、LDL-C为其危险因素,HDL-C为保护因素;PVS组中:年龄、吸烟、Hcy、TG为其危险因素.[结论]高龄、男性、吸烟史、Hcy、糖尿病史、高LDL-C、高TG是CSVD的危险因素,吸烟史作为CSVD的危险因素风险强度较高,而HDL-C为CSVD的保护因素.“,”[Objective]To explore the risk factors of CSVD through the analysis of clinical characteristics of MRI markers of three common cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) in patients,and speculate the mechanism and prediction of its development and evolution.[Methods]Patients of the three common CSVD MRI markers on the MRI with white WMH (white matter hypertensity),lacunar,perivascular spaces (perivascular space,PVS) were selected as the subjects;their general information was collected,and the fasting blood homocysteine (Hcy),serum uric acid (UA),three acyl glycerol (TG),total cholesterol (TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were analyzed.[Results]In the CSVD group:age,smoking history,Hcy were the risk factors;in the WMH group:gender (male),age,history of diabetes,Hcy were the risk factors,HDL-C was the protective factor;in rhe lacunar group:age,smoking,LDL-C were the risk factors,and HDL-C was the protective factor.In the PVS group:age,smoking,Hcy,TG were the risk factors.[Conclusion]Advanced age,male,smoking history,Hcy,history of diabetes,high LDL-C,high TG are risk factors for CSVD.Smoking history is a high risk factor for CSVD,while HDL-C is a protective factor for CSVD.