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目的 应用极速脉搏波实时定量技术(ultra-fast ultrasound imagine pulse wave velocity，ufPWV)，探讨中老年高脂血症患者颈动脉血管弹性与动脉粥样硬化(AS)相关性的应用价值?方法 选取在我院体检中心接受健康体检的中老年患者95例，其中高脂血症患者45 例，血脂正常的对照组50例，常规测量颈动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT)，采用ufPWV技术检测两组患者颈动脉脉搏波指标收缩早期速度(PWV-BS)及收缩末期速度(PWV-ES)，比较高血脂患者中IMT正常组与增厚组“,”Objective To evaluate the artery elasticity parameters in middle-aged and elderly people with hyperlipidemia measured by ultra-fast ultrasound imagine pulse wave velocity( ufPWV)，and conduct a dynamic evaluation of the change in vascular elasticity and progression level of early-stage atherosclerosis.Methods A total of 95 middle-aged and elderly patients were investigated，including 45 patients with hyperlipidemia and 50 healthy persons，and were selected for routine measurement of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT).ufPWV at two time points were detected with early systolic velocity (PWV-BS) and late systolic velocity (PWV-ES)，and the related parameters of normal IMT group and thickened IMT group in hyperlipidemia patients were compared，and multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to analyze the related influencing factors of age，IMT，TC，TG，LDL，HDL，PWV-BS，PWV-ES.Results Age，IMT，TC，TG，LDL and HDL in hyperlipidemia group were higher than those in normal control group (P <0.05).The PWV-BS and PWV-ES of carotid artery in hyperlipidemia group were higher than those in control group (P <0.05).In hyperlipidemia group，carotid artery PWV-BS and PWV-ES in IMT thickening group were higher than those in normal IMT group (P <0.05).The influencing factors of PWV-BS were IMT，TC and LDL，while the influencing factors of PWV-ES were age and LDL，so the common independent influencing factors of PWV-BS and PWV-ES were LDL.In the hyperlipidemia group，TC and HDL were the influencing factors of PWV-BS，TG，TC，LDL and HDL were the influencing factors of PWV-ES，TC and HDL were the common influencing factors of PWV-BS and PWV-ES in the hyperlipidemia group.Conclusion With the increase of blood lipid level and carotid intima-media thickness，the values of PWV-BS and PWV-ES increased.ufPWV can effectively evaluate the early stage of carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged and elderly patients with hyperlipidemia.