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为了解决传统的相机标定方法,通常需要建立复杂三维标定块或高精度三维控制场这一实际问题,采用平面控制格网作为标定块,利用二维直接线性变换分解出相机的内外方位元素初值,然后采用改进的Hough变换算法检测标定图像中的格网直线并利用最小二乘法拟合出最佳直线,通过求直线的交点得到标定格网点的像坐标。最后利用自检校光线束法平差进行相机的精确标定。实际图像数据实验结果表明:主点和焦距的标定精度分别达到了0.2和0.3像素左右。可以满足高精度近景三维量测的要求。
In order to solve the traditional camera calibration method, it is usually necessary to establish a complex three-dimensional calibration block or high-precision three-dimensional control of the field this problem, the use of planar control grid as a calibration block, using two-dimensional direct linear transform decomposition of the camera’s internal and external azimuth element initial value Then, the improved Hough transform algorithm is used to detect the grid lines in the calibration image and the best straight line is fitted by the least square method. The coordinates of the grid points are obtained by finding the intersection of the lines. Lastly, the calibration of the camera is performed using the self-calibration of the beam correction. The experimental results of the actual image data show that the calibration accuracy of the main point and focal length are respectively 0.2 and 0.3 pixels. Can meet the requirements of high-precision close-range three-dimensional measurement.