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康熙《万寿盛典初集》是记录康熙五十二年(1713)康熙皇帝六旬万寿节庆典活动的一部专书,其中收录的《万寿图》是记录三月十八日庆典当天北京城内外官民迎接帝后御辇进宫时沿途街景的写实画作。书中刻《万寿图》,也是今存该图的最早版本。图的上卷绘制了自北京城西直门至紫禁城神武门御路沿途的庆典场面,包括道路两侧参与庆祝活动的多处寺院或道观类的建筑,是记录康熙末年北京城建筑情况的重要图像史料。本文试根据该刻本,比对略晚于《万寿盛典初集》的《乾隆京城全图》,简述图卷中祠寺、道观建筑的位置、布局和沿革,并加以初步分类,力求为认识清康熙至乾隆时期北京城的布局及清代万寿庆典的历史状况提供参考。
Kangxi “The first episode of Wushu Festival” is a record of Emperor Kangxi fifty-two years (1713) Emperor Kangxi sixty thousand Longevity Festival celebration of a book, which included “Wanshou map” is recorded on the March 18 celebration of Beijing inside and outside the city Officials greet the emperor Royal Palace after the palace along the streets when the realistic painting. The book carved “Wanshou map”, is also the earliest version of this figure. The scroll of the map draws celebrations along the route from Xizhimen in Beijing to the Shenwumen Rouge in the Forbidden City. It includes many monasteries or Taoist buildings on both sides of the road for celebrations. It is an important historical record of the construction of Beijing in the late Kangxi period . Based on this edition, this article compares the position, layout and evolution of the Temple Temple and Taoist temple architecture in the “Qianlong capital city map” which is slightly later than the “Longevity Festival” Qing Kangxi to Qianlong period of the layout of the city of Beijing and the history of the Qing Dynasty Wanshou provide a reference.