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“技术-经济”系统是一个具有层次结构的复杂系统。技术进步不仅可以带动产出的增长,而且可以通过自催化循环,使技术知识自身不断积累和增长。一个国家长期的经济增长的动力不仅来自自然资源和物质资本数量的增加,而且来自本国的知识和人力资本积累水平所体现的技术进步。经济系统的演化体现在路径依赖上,演化路径包括两个过程:初级的“教育-人才-科技”循环和次级的产业集约化循环(“技术-产品”超循环、“技术-产业”超循环、“技术-经济”长期增长宏观循环等)。前一阶段是知识和技术的生产阶段,是启动整个宏观经济运行的启动子。后一阶段是技术满足市场需求,技术自催化和企业技术创新的“自组织”过程。
The “technology-economy” system is a complex system with a hierarchical structure. Technological advances can not only drive output growth, but also allow technological knowledge to accumulate and grow through autocatalytic cycles. The driving force of a country’s long-term economic growth comes not only from the increase in the amount of natural and material capital, but also from the technological progress embodied in its own level of knowledge and human capital accumulation. The evolution of the economic system is manifested in the path dependence. The evolutionary path includes two processes: the primary “education-talent-technology” cycle and the secondary cycle of industrial intensiveization (“technology-product” Technology - industry “super cycle, ” technology - economy “macro cycle of long-term growth, etc.). The previous phase was the production phase of knowledge and technology and the promoter of the entire macroeconomic operation. The latter stage is the process of ”self-organization" of technology to meet market demands, technological autocatalysis and technological innovation of enterprises.