论文部分内容阅读
１９７５～１９９５年２１年间吉林省大豆主推品种共２９个，分为中－中晚、中早、早熟和有限型品种４组。研究分析了它们的相互演替及遗传关系，并对今后的育种策略提出意见。中－中晚熟组中，形成了吉林３和吉林４→吉林１８和吉林２０→长农５和吉林２７的主流遗传系统，还有九农９→丰交７６０７、吉林３→长农２、小金黄１号→吉林８、群选１等非主流系统。两类系统中，存在逐渐衰退现象，即后一品种较前一品种的推广表现差。在中早熟组中没有明显的主流系统。在早熟组中存在着丰收１０→合丰２３→合丰２５主流系统，绥农４和吉林２６也都岂有丰收号大豆的血缘。有限型品种组存在着早丰１→开育８、通农３→通农５、６→通农９、１０两个主流系统。主推品种的血缘组成上，吉林１８、吉林２０、长农４等已有１／４的外来种质，吉林２１、吉林２７、丰交７６０７均含有多于１／４的外来种质，而长农５只有１／８的外来种质。含有１／４的外来种质的品种具有更大的推广优势。在育种中应制定一个既能保持外来种质占１／４，又能保证适应性品种的种质更加复杂、优良的杂交方案。
In the 21 years from 1975 to 1995, 29 main varieties of soybean in Jilin Province were divided into 4 groups: middle-late-middle-early-middle-early-maturity and limited type. Studied and analyzed their mutual succession and genetic relationship, and put forward opinions on future breeding strategies. Medium-late-maturing group formed the mainstream genetic system of Jilin 3 and Jilin 4 → Jilin 18 and Jilin 20 → Changnong 5 and Jilin 27, as well as 9 farming 9 → Fengjiao 7607, Jilin 3 → Changnong 2, small Golden No.1 → Jilin 8, group election 1 and other non-mainstream systems. Two types of systems, there is a gradual recession, the latter species than the promotion of a variety of poor performance. There is no obvious mainstream system in the prematurity group. In the precocious group there is a bumper harvest 10 → Hefeng 23 → Hefeng 25 mainstream system, Suinong 4 and Jilin 26 are also bumper harvest soybeans blood. The limited types of varieties exist in the early Feng 1 → Kaiyu 8, Tongnong 3 → Tongnong 5,6 → Tongnong 9,10 two mainstream systems. On the blood composition of the main varieties, 1/4 of the foreign germplasms of Jilin 18, Jilin 20 and Changnong 4 etc. contained more than 1/4 of the alien germplasm in Jilin 21, Jilin 27 and Fengjiao 7607, while the long Farmer 5 only 1/8 foreign germplasm. Varieties with 1/4 foreign germplasm have greater promotional advantages. In breeding, a hybrid scheme that can both maintain a quarter of foreign germplasm and ensure a more complex and excellent germplasm of adaptive varieties should be developed.