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任何写作活动都是写作主体、写作客体、写作载体、写作受体四个基本要素之间相互作用、相互融合的过程。与其他类型的写作相比,实用写作体系庞大,类别纷繁,因而在“四体”的构成上呈现出一些特殊性。由于这些特殊性与写作技术有某些关联,所以对多角度地把握写作技术有一定帮助。1.实用写作主体的特殊性与写作技术话语角色的多样性和变化性是实用写作主体的主要特点,具体表现为作者在不同的文体或文种的写作中必须以不同的身份来说话,甚至在某一类文体的不同文种中也会扮演不同的“话语责任人”角色。这样,从“话语责任人”的角度,可以把实用写作的主体分为社会代言人、群体代言人、个体代言人三
Any writing activities are the process of interaction and integration between the four basic elements of writing, writing, writing and writing. Compared with other types of writing, the practical writing system is huge and the categories are manifold. Therefore, it shows some particularities in the composition of the “four bodies”. Because of these particularities and writing techniques have some relevance, so to grasp the writing technology from a multi-angle has some help. 1. The special subject of practical writing and writing techniques The diversity and variability of discourse roles are the main characteristics of the main body of practical writing, which is manifested in that the author must speak in different identities in different styles of writing or writing, and even In different literary genres of a certain genre, they also play different “discourse-responsible persons” roles. In this way, from the perspective of “discourse owner”, the subjects of practical writing can be divided into social spokespersons, group spokespersons and individual spokespersons