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女子七项全能成绩是各单项成绩的得分之和,因此,女子七项全能各单项之间、各单项与最终成绩之间的相互关系和内在规律是影响全能成绩的关键因素,如何把握这关键因素是取得优异成绩的重中之重。运用文献资料、数理统计等研究方法,对第12届全运会与第15届田径世锦赛女子七项全能前8名运动员的各单项成绩和得分情况以及其对总成绩的贡献率进行比较研究。结果表明:1)中国与世界优秀女子七项全能运动员总成绩存在较大差距,但是这种差距主要体现在单项成绩上。2)中国与世界优秀女子全能运动员各项群的得分排序与对总成绩的贡献率结构基本一致,没有本质的差异。3)中国优秀女子七项全能运动员成绩不理想的原因是“优势项目(100 m栏、跳高、200 m)”不强,“劣势项目(标枪、跳远和铅球)”太弱,而且项目之间差异较大,不具有均衡性的态势。建议:1)采用“木桶原理”的方法,狠抓劣势项目。2)树立“以速度项目为核心,以跳跃项目为主线,以投掷项目为突破”的女子全能项目选材观和训练观。为我国田径女子全能成绩的可持续发展提供理论依据。
The heptathlon result of women is the sum of the score of each individual result. Therefore, the relationship between the individual items and final results and the inherent law are the key factors that affect the performance of all-round women. How to grasp the key Factors are the top priority for achieving outstanding results. Using the methods of literature, mathematical statistics and other research methods, the individual scores and scores of the top 8 female athletes in the 12th National Games and the 15th World Athletics Championships were compared and their contribution rates to the total scores were compared . The results show that: 1) There is a big gap between China and the world elite female hens athletes overall performance, but this gap is mainly reflected in the individual results. 2) The ranking of scores of each group of China and the world elite all-around athletes is basically the same as that of the total score, with no essential difference. 3) The reason for the unsatisfactory results of Chinese elite female henna athletes is that “the superiority items (100 m column, high jump, 200 m),” not strong, “inferior items (javelin, long jump and shot put) And the difference between the larger project does not have a balanced situation. Suggestion: 1) Adopting the method of ”barrel principle“, pay close attention to inferior items. 2) Set up the concept of material selection and training for the all-around woman project ”with speed project as the core, jumping project as the main line and throwing project as the breakthrough". Provide theoretical basis for the sustainable development of track and field woman’s all-around achievement.