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随着人们生活水平的提高,空调已走入千家万户,空调的功能也越来越全面。供冷、供暖、供卫生热水等功能齐全的中央空调越来越普及。但是这种机组在供卫生热水的同时,能耗升高、效率下降、运行不够稳定、结垢较严重,热应力大,给安全运行带来了隐患。 一、各种型式供卫生热水的中央空调分析 目前蒸汽型溴化锂中央空调几乎都是直接用换热器加热卫生用水。直燃机同时供冷、供暖、供卫生热水的机组,在结构型式上主要有两种,即: (1)真空锅炉型; (2)附加热水器型。 以冷剂水循环方式区分,有: (1)热水器加热蒸汽冷凝为冷剂水直接回流高发型; (2)热水器加热蒸汽冷凝为冷剂水接到冷凝器闪发、降温,加入循环型。 不管是哪一种型式,溴化锂机组供卫生热水都是用高位能蒸汽直接加热卫生热水。由于直燃型溴化锂机组所用加热卫生热水的蒸汽都是高发产生的一次蒸汽。因此制冷的同时制卫生热水,则制冷量相应降低。(除非加大高压发生器)加之加热卫生热水的热源温度高,热膨胀和结垢严重,存在安全隐患,使得用户在供冷的同时供卫生顾此失彼,很难满足用户对经济、实用、安全方面的要求。而且由于热水器流程短,在卫生热水用量较大的时候,一次循环温升有限,机组很难满足用户对温度的要求。
With the improvement of people’s living standards, air conditioners have entered millions of households, air-conditioning functions are more and more comprehensive. Central air-conditioning, such as cooling, heating and sanitary hot water, is becoming more and more popular. However, such units for the hot water at the same time, higher energy consumption, lower efficiency, unstable operation, more serious scaling, thermal stress, to bring a hidden danger to safe operation. First, various types of central air conditioning for hot water analysis At present, almost all of steam lithium-bromide central air-conditioning heat exchanger directly with sanitary water. Direct-fired turbines at the same time cooling, heating, hot water for the health unit, there are two main types of structures, namely: (1) vacuum boiler type; (2) additional water heater type. To cool water circulation way to distinguish, are: (1) water heater heating steam condensate to the direct reflux of cold water, high hair type; (2) water heater condensing heat to steam condensate condenser cooling, cooling, add circulation. No matter what kind of type, lithium bromide units for sanitary hot water are high steam can be directly heated hot water. As the direct-fired LiBr generating unit used in hot water heating steam is a high incidence of steam generated. Therefore, while the system of hot water heating, the cooling capacity accordingly reduced. (Unless the high pressure generator is increased), and the temperature of the heat source for heating the sanitary hot water is high, so there is a potential safety hazard due to the serious thermal expansion and scaling, which makes it difficult for the user to meet the needs of users in terms of economy, practicality and safety Request. And because the water heater process is short, when the amount of sanitary hot water is large, a cycle of temperature rise is limited, the unit is difficult to meet the user’s temperature requirements.