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目的调查了解佛山华英学校住校学生饮食习惯及膳食营养结构,针对存在的问题提出改善的相关对策。方法采用随机抽样的方法从800人住校学生中随机抽取了160人,其中男生88人,女生72人,进行问卷调查,比较男女生两组人合理的饮食习惯;根据食堂提供的三天食谱及食物原料品种和数量,采用称重记账法记录食物成份表,并计算平均每人每天的能量及各种营养素的摄入量,进行膳食结构调查,根据《中国平衡膳食宝塔》、《中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量》(DRIs)进行比较分析。结果问卷调查的男女两组学生饮食习惯发现,女生荤菜摄入不足,男女生豆及豆制品摄入严重不足,男女学生健康行为及营养知识缺乏;膳食结构调查全天摄入总能量不足,三大营养素摄入量不足,钙摄入量不足,锌摄入量偏低。结论饮食习惯不好,营养知识健康行为不良,能量营养素摄入不足,膳食结构要加强调整。
Objective To investigate the eating habits and dietary nutrition of students living in Huaying School in Foshan City and to find out some countermeasures to improve the existing problems. Methods Random sampling method was used to randomly select 160 students from 800 live-school students, including 88 boys and 72 girls, and conducted a questionnaire survey to compare the reasonable dietary habits of the two groups. According to the three-day recipe And the number and variety of food raw materials, using the weighing method to record food ingredients table, and calculate the average daily energy per person and intake of various nutrients, dietary structure survey, according to “China Balanced Food Pagoda”, “China Residents Dietary Reference Intakes ”(DRIs) for comparative analysis. Results The questionnaire survey found that the eating habits of the two groups of students showed that the intake of female meat dishes was insufficient, the intake of male and female beans and soy products was seriously insufficient, and the health behavior and nutrition knowledge of male and female students were deficient. Inadequate large nutrient intake, lack of calcium intake, zinc intake is low. Conclusion Poor eating habits, malnutrition of nutrition knowledge, insufficient intake of energy nutrients, and adjustment of dietary structure should be strengthened.