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一、概况和进展古构造残余应力场,是近40年来地学中开展起来的一个新兴研究领域,它填补了地学研究中的一个空白。国际地学界的一些专家都以岩体各向同性弹性理论为基础,用X射线法或机械法,选取岩石中石英的平均弹性参量和其晶面系(32～54),在美国、日本、英国、奥地利、葡萄牙、澳大利亚各个陆块的一些测点,开展了宏观残余应力三维主分量的测量(表1)。前苏联别辽耶夫院士、乌孟斯基院士,我国陈宗基院士、孙广忠教授、日本米谷茂教授,也曾强调残余应力在力学、地震学、岩体力学研究中的重要意义,发表了研究成果。诸家
I. Overview and Progress Paleo-tectonic residual stress field is an emerging field of research carried out in geosciences in recent 40 years. It has filled a gap in the study of geosciences. Based on the isotropic elastic theory of rock mass, some experts in international geosciences choose the average elastic parameters of quartz in rock and its crystal face (32 ~ 54) by X-ray method or mechanical method. In the United States, Japan, Britain, Austria, Portugal, Australia, a number of measuring points of various land masses carried out the measurement of three-dimensional principal component of macroscopic residual stress (Table 1). Former Soviet Union Beloveyev academicians, Waumenkis academician, our country Chen Zongji academician, Professor Sun Guangzhong, Japan rice Gu Mau, also stressed the significance of residual stress in mechanics, seismology, rock mechanics, published research results . Various houses