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记述了产自安徽繁昌人字洞早更新世早期的扬子长毛鼠(新种)Diplothrix yangziensis sp.nov..现生长毛鼠属为单型种,仅生活于日本的琉球群岛,其化石也仅零星发现于其栖息地晚更新世的地层中.新种以M1齿尖横脊较平直,上臼齿的t3,t9发育,M3少退化,m1具下中附尖,m2,m3的唇侧下前边尖发育等特征不同于中国第四纪其他已知大型鼠类,而应归入长毛鼠属.同时,新种以体型相对小,齿冠更细窄,M1前、后齿带发育,M3少退化,m1后齿带小,m3有下后附尖和后齿带等特征比现生属型种D.legata及其他已知的长毛鼠化石更为原始,很可能是D.legata的直接祖先类型.中国扬子长毛鼠(新种)是该属在硫球群岛以外的首次发现,也是迄今该属中时代最早、最原始的种类,这为探讨长毛鼠的演化、扩散和古生态环境的变迁提供了重要信息.
The description of the Diplothrix yangziensis sp. Nov. From the earliest Early Pleistocene in the Hezekiang Cave, Fanchang, Anhui Province, is a monotypic species of the genus Hymenoptera that lives only in the Ryukyu Islands in Japan. Its fossils Only sporadically found in the late Pleistocene strata of their habitat.The new species is characterized by a relatively flat M1 spine and transverse ridge with t3 and t9 development on the upper molars, M3 less degeneration, m1 lower appendage, m2 and m3 of lip The characteristics of frontal apices development are different from those of other known large-scale rodents in Quaternary in China, but should be classified as long-haired genus. At the same time, the new species are relatively small in size and narrow in crest. M3 less degenerate, m1 small toothed belt, m3 with apex and posterior toothed and other characteristics than the current genus D.legata and other known long-haired rat fossils more primitive, it is likely to be D The direct ancestor type of .legata. Chinese Yangtze hairy rat (new species) is the genus first discovered outside the Sculus Islands, and is by far the genus is the earliest and most primitive species, which is to explore the evolution of hairy rat, Diffusion and paleoecological changes provide important information.