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1.柴油的识别柴油共分为轻柴油、重柴油和农用柴油三种,其特点如下:(1)轻柴油。按凝固点分为0、10、20、35四种牌号,其凝固点分别不高于0℃、-10℃、-20℃和-35℃。轻柴油为茶黄色,表面发兰;用手摸时有油感;装在无色透明的瓶内,摇动时气泡小,并很快消失。 1.柴油的识别柴油共分为轻柴油、重柴油和农用柴油三种,其特点如下:(1)轻柴油。按凝固点分为0、10、20、35四种牌号,其凝固点分别不高于0℃、-10℃、-20℃和-35℃。轻柴油为茶黄色,表面发兰;用手摸时有油感;装在无色透明的瓶内,摇动时气泡小,并很快消失。(2)重柴油。按凝固点分为10、20、30三种牌号,即凝固点分别不高于10℃、20℃和30℃。重柴油为棕褐色,油感光滑,气泡带黄色,而且消失较快。(3)农用柴油。农用柴油是专门供农机使用的柴油,牌号为正20号。2.柴油的选用(1)轻柴油适用于转速在1000转/分以上的高速柴油机。一般夏季使用0号轻柴油,冬季使用10号轻柴油。(2)重柴油的10号油,适用于500～1000转/分的柴油机;20号油,适用于300～700转/分以下的柴油机;30号油,适用于300转/分以下的柴油机。重柴油凝固点高,粘度大,杂质多,起动困难,应用时要注意沉淀净化。(3)农用柴油凝固点高,一般在20℃左右的气温下使用,适用于转速在1000转/分以上的柴油机。冬季使用农用柴油难于起动,可用预热装置来解决。3.柴油的净化选好适当的柴油后,还要预先净化才能使用,这样可减少柴油中杂质对机件磨损。净化柴油的措施,通常采用沉淀和过滤相结合的办法进行。现在的乡农机站,大多装有油罐,对柴油净化采用三级过滤和浮子取油的办法。农机个体户或专业户,在家里安装油罐有困难,可用几只大油桶,用管子连接起来代替油罐。向油桶加油时,用过滤器过滤一次,除去较大的杂质。然后待柴油沉淀96小时后,在离油面50毫米处,用浮子取油的办法取油。具体作法是:“浮子”是用薄铁皮制成的一个圆柱形或长方形的工具,它的一头与油桶中的出油管连接,另一头固定一限位链。用浮子的漂浮作用将油桶中经过沉淀的上层油,随时放出来再加入拖拉机油箱内。使用经过净化的柴油,可以提高燃油供给系统各精密零件的使用寿命。
1. Diesel Identification Diesel is divided into light diesel, heavy diesel and agricultural diesel three, which are as follows: (1) light diesel oil. According to the freezing point is divided into 0,10,20,35 four grades, the freezing point respectively not higher than 0 ℃, -10 ℃, -20 ℃ and -35 ℃. Light diesel is yellow tea, the surface of hair blue; touch when you feel oil; installed in a colorless transparent bottle, shaking small bubbles, and quickly disappear. 1. Diesel Identification Diesel is divided into light diesel, heavy diesel and agricultural diesel three, which are as follows: (1) light diesel oil. According to the freezing point is divided into 0,10,20,35 four grades, the freezing point respectively not higher than 0 ℃, -10 ℃, -20 ℃ and -35 ℃. Light diesel is yellow tea, the surface of hair blue; touch when you feel oil; installed in a colorless transparent bottle, shaking small bubbles, and quickly disappear. (2) heavy diesel oil. According to the freezing point is divided into 10,20,30 three kinds of grades, namely the freezing point respectively not higher than 10 ℃, 20 ℃ and 30 ℃. Heavy diesel is tan, oil smooth, bubbles with yellow, and disappear faster. (3) agricultural diesel. Agricultural diesel is used exclusively for agricultural machinery diesel, the brand is positive 20. 2. The choice of diesel (1) light diesel oil for speed at 1000 rev / min above the high-speed diesel engine. The general use of light diesel oil in summer 0, light diesel oil in winter 10. (2) Heavy diesel oil No. 10 for diesel engines at 500-1000 rpm; No. 20 oil for diesel engines below 300-700 rpm; No. 30 for diesel engines below 300 rpm . Heavy diesel solidification point, high viscosity, impurities, starting difficult, the application should pay attention to precipitation purification. (3) The high solidification point of agricultural diesel oil is generally used under the temperature of about 20 ℃, which is suitable for diesel engine with the rotational speed above 1000r / min. Winter use of agricultural diesel is difficult to start, can be used to solve the preheating device. 3. Diesel purification Select the appropriate diesel, but also to purify before use, so as to reduce the impurities in diesel on the wear parts. Purification of diesel measures, usually by a combination of precipitation and filtration. Now the township farm machine station, mostly equipped with oil tanks, the use of three-stage diesel oil purification and floats to take oil approach. Agricultural self-employed or specialized households, home to install the tank has difficulty, available a few large oil drums, pipes connected to replace the tank. When filling the drum, filter once with filter to remove larger impurities. And then to be 96 hours after the diesel sedimentation, at a distance of 50 mm from the surface of the oil, take the way with the float to take the oil. The specific approach is: “Float” is a cylindrical or rectangular tool made of thin metal skin, one end of the oil pipe connected to the barrel, the other fixed a limit chain. Float with floating float oil in the upper layer of the oil after precipitation, at any time released into the tractor tank. The use of purified diesel oil can improve the life of the precision components of the fuel delivery system.