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张之洞字孝达,号香涛,生于清道光十七年(1837年),是直隶南皮县(今属河北省)人。张之洞少年时期即博览全书,喜为词章,富于强记能力。十六岁那年举乡试第一,二十七岁即成为进士。那个时候,正是清廷势力陵夷,列强相继压迫的时期。张之洞为人有大略,为学以通经致用为主,尤其喜欢研究当时政治及国际形势。在他成为进士的第五年,被派任浙江
Zhang Zhidong Zi Xiaoda, Xiang Tao, was born in the Qing dynasty seventeen years (1837), is Zhili Nanpi County (now Hebei Province) people. Zhang Zhidong adolescent that Expo, like the chapter, full of strong ability to remember. At the age of 16, she took the first place in her hometown exams and became a Jinshi at the age of twenty-seven. At that time, it was the time when the Qing forces were suppressed and the powers pressed one after another. Chang Chih-tung is a general guide to learning by doing, especially like studying the political and international situation at that time. In his fifth year as a jinshi, he was appointed to Zhejiang