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加热介质为水的管式加热炉在运行一段时间后,炉管结垢常引发水击现象。现场调研了管式加热炉的工艺流程并采集垢样和水样,采用X射线和化学方法对结垢样品进行分析。结果表明:其成分主要是碳酸盐垢,其次是腐蚀产物和有机油脂。采用水质分析软件对水样进行水质结垢倾向性实验,并根据Davis-Stiff饱和指数法和Ryznar稳定指数法对水样的结垢趋势进行理论预测。实验结果与理论预测吻合,确定了管式加热炉产生水击现象的内因:水介质由于温度升高,CO2释放,导致系统压力降低,pH值升高,CaCO3溶解度下降,钙盐析出沉淀。提出相应的物理和化学方法,以有效避免或减轻管式加热炉的水击现象。
Heating medium is water tube furnace in operation for a period of time, furnace tube scaling often lead to water hammer phenomenon. Field investigation of the tube furnace process and collection of fouling samples and water samples, X-ray and chemical methods for scaling samples were analyzed. The results show that: its composition is mainly carbonate scale, followed by corrosion products and organic fats. Water quality analysis software was used to conduct water quality scaling propensity test, and the water scale scaling tendency was theoretically predicted according to Davis-Stiff saturation index method and Ryznar stability index method. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions. The internal cause of water hammer is found in the tubular furnace. As the temperature rises, the release of CO2 results in the decrease of system pressure, the increase of pH, the decrease of CaCO3 solubility and the precipitation of calcium salts. Put forward the corresponding physical and chemical methods, in order to effectively avoid or reduce the tubular furnace water hammer phenomenon.