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目的了解2008年开封市鼓楼区各级医疗机构所报告的497例手足口病的流行病学特征,为手足口病的防治工作提供基础资料。方法对报告的497例手足口病患儿家长进行问卷调查,并进行单因素分析。结果发病人群主要为1~5岁的散居儿童和托幼儿童。5月份为发病高峰。临床表现主要为发热、皮疹和疱疹,集中在手、足、口、臀部。发热337例,散居儿童的发热率高于托幼儿童,托幼儿童的发热率高于学生;有口腔溃疡的儿童发热率高于无口腔溃疡的儿童;三周内与手足口病人有接触史的患儿高于无接触史的患儿。差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论做好疫情的监测和管理和养成良好的卫生习惯是手足口病的防治重点。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of 497 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease reported by medical institutions at all levels in Gulou district of Kaifeng in 2008 so as to provide basic information for the prevention and treatment of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods A total of 497 reported cases of hand, foot and mouth disease were surveyed by questionnaire and univariate analysis. Results The incidence of mainly 1 to 5-year-old diaspora and nursery children. May peak incidence. The main clinical manifestations of fever, rash and herpes, concentrated in the hands, feet, mouth, buttocks. 337 cases of fever, diaspora of children with fever than kindergarten children, children and kindergarten children’s fever rate was higher than those of children with oral ulcers; children with fever than children without mouth ulcers; within three weeks of contact with patients with hand, foot and mouth history Of children with non-contact history than children. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Good monitoring and management of epidemic situation and the development of good health habits are the focus of hand-foot-mouth disease prevention and treatment.