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目的帮助基层监测点科学简便地进行大仓鼠种群年龄的划分,掌握大仓鼠种群年龄结构,进一步提高鼠情预测水平。方法1994-2006年,采用夹线法,每年3-10月的上旬开展调查,每次400夹夜。捕获的样本测量体重、体长、尾长、耳高、后足长,解剖观察繁殖情况。以体重为指标,参照繁殖特征,用数理统计方法对大仓鼠进行年龄划分。结果以体重为指标,将捕获的2176只大仓鼠标本划分为5个年龄组,其体重标准为:幼年组(Ⅰ)雌鼠≤35g,雄鼠≤33g;亚成年组(Ⅱ)雌鼠35.1～75g,雄鼠33.1～79g;成年Ⅰ组(Ⅲ)雌鼠75.1～121g,雄鼠79.1～123g;成年Ⅱ组(Ⅳ)雌鼠121.1～185g,雄鼠123.1～187g;老年组(Ⅴ)雌鼠体重在185g以上,雄鼠体重在187g以上。结论以体重作为大仓鼠年龄的划分标准简便易行,各年龄组体重经检验,差异有统计学意义,体重随种群年龄的增大而增加;不同年龄组之间繁殖力差异明显,随年龄增大而增强,种群结构以亚成年组和成年Ⅰ组占绝对优势。
Objectives To help grass-roots monitoring points scientifically and easily carry out the division of the age of large hamster population, grasp the age structure of the hamster population, and further improve the prediction of rat’s level. Methods From 1994 to 2006, the survey was conducted in the first three months of each year from October to October with 400 clips per night. The captured samples were measured body weight, body length, tail length, ear height, hind foot length, and dissection to observe the reproduction. Using body weight as an index and referring to the characteristics of reproduction, the age distribution of large hamsters was conducted by mathematical statistics. Results The body weight of 2176 hamsters were divided into 5 age groups according to body weight. The body weight of young rats was (I) females ≤35g, males ≤33g, females 75.1 ~ 121g for males and females; 121.1 ~ 185g for males and females; 123.1 ~ 187g for male males; Female rats weighing 185g or more, male rats weighing 187g or more. Conclusion Body weight as a criterion for dividing the age of large hamsters is simple and easy. The body weight of each age group is tested, the difference is statistically significant. The body weight increases with the increase of population age. The fecundity difference among different age groups is obvious. Large and enhanced, the population structure to sub-adult group and adult group I absolute advantage.