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西班牙人文主义文学的杰出代表是塞万提斯(1547—1616年)。他的一生充满了冒险与苦难,他出生于西班牙阿尔卡拉一个破落贵族的家庭,父亲是医生。少年时代,他爱好文学艺术。1569年他参加了西班牙驻意大利的部队,在勒班多海战中三次负伤,并失掉了左臂。1575年被俘,1580年被亲友赎回。回国后塞万提斯的生活穷困潦倒,出于无奈,他当过军需、税吏。1616年病逝于马德里。 塞万提斯从1583年开始从事文艺创作活动,1605年《堂·吉诃德》出版,1615年《堂·吉诃德》第二部出版。长篇小说《堂·吉诃德》是塞万提斯的代表作,小说摹仿骑士传奇的写法,描写堂·吉诃德和他的侍从桑丘·潘沙的“游侠史”。在西班牙的拉曼却,有一个名叫阿隆索·吉哈诺的穷乡绅,因看骑士小说着了魔,改名堂·吉诃德,仿效古代骑士,漫游西班牙,专打抱不平。他披上曾
The outstanding representative of Spanish humanistic literature is Cervantes (1547-1616). His life was full of adventures and hardships. He was born in a family of broken nobles in Alcala, Spain, and his father was a doctor. In his boyhood he loved literary arts. In 1569 he took part in the Spanish troops in Italy and was wounded three times in the Battle of Lepandor and lost his left arm. He was captured in 1575 and redeemed by his friends and relatives in 1580. After returning home, Cervantes’s life was impoverished. Out of frustration, he was a soldier and a tax collector. He died in Madrid in 1616. Cervantes began his literary and artistic creation activities in 1583, published Don Quixote in 1605, and published the second edition of Don Quixote in 1615. The novel “Don Quixote” is a masterpiece of Cervantes. The novel imitates the writing of a knight’s legend. It describes Don Quixote and his servant Sancho Panza’s “Ranger History”. In Raman, Spain, there is a poor countryman named Alonso Gihano, who reads the devil in the Cavalier novel and renames Don Quixote. He imitates the ancient knights and roams Spain. He put on