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如何珍惜农村公路的建设硕果2003年、2004年,交通部从战略高度思考农村公路建设问题,建设的农村沥青(水泥)路总里程超过了之前53年的总和。2005年,政府投资补助一项自计划建设农村公路15万公里,以支持交通部门继续实施“通达”和“通畅”工程,并且从2006年起,政府还将实施“五年千亿元规划”。将连续5年投资1OO0亿元修建农村公路。但是,随着农村公路建设的加快,农村公路的养护与管理问题日益突出起来。建设是生产力,管理同样是生产力。为了切实维护造福农民的农村公路,珍惜农村公路的建设成果,交通部会同国家发改委等部门,加快了理顺农村公路管养体制的步伐,目前《农村公路养护管理体制改革方案》已提交国务院审定。在《农村公路养护管理体制改革方案》出台之前,为了充分反映基层的呼声,交流各地区对于农村公路的管理、养护与保护的经验,开拓多元化的农村公路养护思路,为改革建言献策,促进农村公路养护工作尽快走向正常化和规范化,我们组织了这一期关于农村公路养护与管理的专题报道。据估算,“十一五”期间农村公路养护资金需求量大约为900多亿元,每年的养护资金需求在200亿元左右。而以2003年为例,全国农村公路不算大中修,仅日常养护资金就需要161亿元,但实际仅有51.6亿元的资金投入,约有70%的农村公路处于无养护状态。专家们认为,解决问题的思路应该是:明确事权划分,稳定现有资金渠道,开辟新的资金来源,确立资金投入的原则。编者认为:理顺农村公路管理体制有3个关键,一是如何保障资金,二是如何建制、立法,三是如何进行技术管理,而资金保障又是其中的重中之重。我们希望,这些来自基层的做法可以给政策的制订者和管理者带来些许的灵感。
How to Cherish the Fruitful Construction of Rural Roads In 2003 and 2004, the Ministry of Communications considered the problem of rural road construction from a strategic perspective. The total mileage of rural asphalt (cement) roads constructed exceeded the sum of the previous 53 years. In 2005, the government subsidized a project to construct 150,000 km of rural roads to support the transport sector in continuing to implement the “Tongda” and “Patented” projects and starting from 2006, the government will implement the “five-year One hundred billion yuan planning ”. It will invest 100 billion yuan for five consecutive years to build rural roads. However, with the acceleration of the construction of rural roads, the problems of the maintenance and management of rural roads have become increasingly prominent. Construction is productivity and management is also productivity. In order to effectively safeguard the rural roads benefiting peasants and cherish the achievements in the construction of rural roads, the Ministry of Communications, together with the NDRC and other departments, has speeded up the pace of rationalizing the rural road maintenance system. At present, the “Rural Road Maintenance Management System Reform Plan” has been submitted to the State Council for approval . Before the promulgation of the “Rural Road Maintenance and Management System Reform Plan”, in order to fully reflect the voices of grassroots units and share experiences in the management, conservation and protection of rural roads in various regions, open up a wide range of rural road conservation ideas, offer advice and suggestions for reform and promote As soon as possible, rural road maintenance work has been normalized and standardized. We organized this special issue on rural road maintenance and management. It is estimated that the demand for rural road maintenance funds during the 11th Five-Year Plan period is about 900 billion yuan and the annual maintenance fund needs are about 20 billion yuan. Taking 2003 as an example, the rural roads in the country are not large and medium-sized. Only the daily maintenance funds need 16.1 billion yuan. However, only 5.16 billion yuan is actually invested, and about 70% of the rural roads are in an unprotected state. Experts believe that the solution to the problem should be: a clear division of powers, stabilize the existing capital channels, open up new sources of funds, and establish the principle of capital investment. The editor thinks: There are three key points to straighten out the rural road management system: first, how to protect the funds; second, how to set up the system and how to manage the technology; thirdly, the guarantee of funds is the most important one. We hope that these grass-roots approaches will give some inspiration to policymakers and managers.