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中国古代文人对自然山水的欣赏,经不断深化,发展为一种文化观念。于此观念指导下,乃逐渐派生出中国古典文人园林。文人园林自其产生,直至明清,一脉相承,积累了一整套的造园经验,形成了独特的自然山水园林体系,于世界园林艺术中独树一帜,并对东亚、东南亚诸国乃至欧洲产生了深远影响。明朝末期是文人园林发展的一个重要时期,传统士人阶层亲自参与园林设计,不仅出现了大量富有诗情画意的文人园林,而且产生了许多杰出的士人园艺家。这些士人园艺家及他们的作品,极大丰富和推进了古代文人园艺的发展,米万钟及其米氏三园就是其中的杰出代表。米万钟在明末书法、绘画及藏石等方面俱有高深造诣,由他构造的湛园、勺园与漫园均为当时京师名园,影响广泛。具有浓郁江南风格的米氏三园,开北方文人园林风气之先,成为明末北方私家园林的优秀作品。三园各具特色,前后相继,在明末园林史上占有重要地位。米氏园林以其独特的风格尊享盛誉,它既含有传统文人园林基本特点,亦深受时代影响,更是米万钟以其高超的艺术修养,对传统文人园林之追求做出的精彩诠释。
The appreciation of natural landscapes by ancient Chinese literati has been continuously deepened and developed into a cultural concept. Under the guidance of this idea, the Chinese classical literati garden is gradually derived. Literati gardens have been produced since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and they have accumulated a set of experiences of gardening and formed a unique natural landscape garden system. They are unique in the world garden art and have exerted profound influence on East Asia, Southeast Asian countries and even Europe. . The late Ming dynasty was an important period for the development of literati gardens. The traditional literati class personally took part in the garden design. Not only did there appear a large number of literary gardens with rich poetry but also many outstanding horticulturists. These horticulturists and their works have greatly enriched and advanced the development of ancient literati gardening. Mi Wanzhong and the Mishisan Garden are among them outstanding representatives. Mi Wanzhong had profound attainments in calligraphy, painting, and possession of stone in the late Ming Dynasty. The Zhan Garden, Scoop Garden, and Man Park constructed by him were both famous gardens of the time and had extensive influence. With its rich Jiangnan-style Mizusan Garden, it opened the door to the northern literati landscape and became an outstanding piece of northern private gardens in the late Ming Dynasty. The three gardens have their own characteristics, and they have successively played an important role in the garden history of the late Ming Dynasty. Mich. Garden enjoys a reputation for its unique style. It not only contains the basic characteristics of traditional literati gardens, but also is deeply influenced by the times. It is also an exquisite interpretation of Mi Wanzhong’s superb artistic cultivation and pursuit of traditional literati gardens. .