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电解与原电池类的知识很容易与物理上的电路知识联系起来,是一个很重要的理科综合点。为了能很好地处理此类问题,考生要把物理中的电流、电压、电阻、电量、电功以及电解有关知识灵活地融合在一起,特别是能理解运用一些起着至关重要作用的联结点。下面结合具体实例进行解析说明。 例1.有一种化学式为R·(NO3)X·nH2O的硝酸盐晶体,取此晶体6.05g溶于水配成500mL溶液,用石墨棒作为电极材料对此溶液进行电解,当通过电流为5A,经16.05min后溶液中的金属离子已全部放电,且其中一极增重1.60g,(已知晶体的摩尔质量为242g／
Electrolysis and galvanic knowledge are easily linked to physical circuit knowledge and are an important science synthesis point. In order to deal with this kind of problem well, candidates should flexibly fuse the currents, voltages, resistances, quantities, electrical work, and electrolysis related knowledge in physics, and in particular understand the use of some links that play a vital role. point. The following describes the analysis with specific examples. Example 1. There is a nitrate crystal whose formula is R·(NO3)X·nH2O. Take this crystal 6.05g dissolved in water to form a 500mL solution. Electrolyze this solution with a graphite rod as the electrode material. When the passing current is 5A. After 16.05 min, all the metal ions in the solution have been discharged, and one of them has gained 1.60g (the known molar mass of the crystal is 242g/