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过去的二十年,肿瘤治疗已经从非特异性的化疗向具有选择性的基于发病机制的疗法转变[1]。分子靶向治疗作为肿瘤治疗的新手段,正以其疗效高、不良反应少且轻等特点而备受瞩目,现已成为肿瘤治疗领域的研究热点。它以肿瘤微环境、肿瘤细胞细胞膜或细胞内特异性表达或高表达的分子为作用靶点,能够更加特异地作用于肿瘤细胞,阻断其恶性增殖、转移或诱导其凋亡,同时降低了对正常细胞的杀伤作用,因此是十分有前途的肿瘤治疗方法之一[2]。
For the past two decades, oncology has been transformed from nonspecific chemotherapy to selective pathogenesis-based therapies [1]. As a new method of tumor therapy, molecular targeted therapy attracts much attention due to its high curative effect, less adverse reactions and less toxicity, and has become a hot research topic in the field of cancer therapy. It targets the tumor microenvironment, tumor cell membrane or intracellularly specifically expressed or highly expressed molecules, which can act more specifically on tumor cells, block their malignant proliferation, metastasis or induce apoptosis, meanwhile reduce On the normal cell killing effect, it is a very promising method of cancer treatment [2].