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目的:了解人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus，HIV)感染/艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome，AIDS)患者前列腺组织病毒储存库的情况，以及高效抗反转录病毒治疗(highly active anti-retroviral therapy, HAART)对HIV感染/AIDS患者前列腺组织中HIV-1 DNA表达的影响。方法:纳入2017年7月至2019年10月广州市第八人民医院收治的前列腺增生合并HIV感染需要行手术治疗的12例患者，收集患者的血液和前列腺组织标本，分别检测患者血浆HIV-1 RNA、外周血CD4n ＋T淋巴细胞计数和前列腺组织HIV-1 DNA水平。统计学分析采用独立样本n t检验或曼-惠特尼n U检验。n 结果:12例患者中，6例尚未开始进行HAART的患者CD4n ＋T淋巴细胞计数为(519.8±121.5)/μL，前列腺HIV-1 DNA为2 602(365，10 700)拷贝/10n 6细胞数；6例经HAART超过6个月患者的CD4n ＋T淋巴细胞计数为(182.8±69.7)/μL，前列腺HIV-1 DNA为144(36，563)拷贝/10n 6细胞数，两组患者的CD4n ＋T淋巴细胞计数和前列腺HIV-1 DNA水平差异均有统计学意义(n t＝-5.889，n Z＝-2.082；均n P<0.05)。n 结论:无论HIV感染/AIDS患者是否接受过HAART，前列腺组织均可作为HIV-1储存库。HAART进行免疫功能重建后，可以降低前列腺组织病毒储存库的大小。“,”Objective:To investigate the status of viral reservoirs in prostate tissue of patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), and to investigate the effect of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) on HIV-1 DNA in prostate tissue of HIV/AIDS patients.Methods:Twelve patients with HIV infection and hyperplasia of prostate who required surgical treatment and admitted to Guangzhou Eighth People′s Hospital from July 2017 to October 2019 were included. Blood and prostate specimens of these patients were collected, and HIV-1 RNA in plasma, CD4n + T lymphocyte count in peripheral blood and HIV-1 DNA level in prostate tissue were tested respectively. The independent sample n t test or Mann-Whitney n U test was used for statistical analysis.n Results:Among the 12 patients, the CD4n + T lymphocytes was (519.8±121.5)/μL and HIV-1 DNA in the prostate tissue was 2 602 (365, 10 700) copies/10n 6cells in six patients who had not started HAART. The CD4n + T lymphocytes was (182.8±69.7)/μL and the HIV-1 DNA in the prostate tissue was 144 (36, 563) copies/10n 6cells in the six patients who underwent HAART for over six months. There were statistically significant differences in CD4n + T lymphocytes and HIV-1 DNA in the prostate tissue between the two groups (n t=-5.889 and n Z=-2.082, respectively, both n P<0.05).n Conclusion:Prostate tissue can be used as an HIV-1 virus repository with or without HAART, and the size of the prostate tissue virus repository can be reduced by HAART after immune reconstitution.