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盆栽试验研究了施用不同量煤矸石(0%、13%、26%、40%、53%)对贫瘠土壤改良的效果和对小白菜生长品质的影响。结果表明:(1)混合基质中Pb的迁移能力较差,小白菜中Pb积累量与植物体生物量具有正相关关系;(2)小白菜的发芽率、根系长度、地面以上株高和生物量等均在煤矸石施入比例为26%时达到最佳,发芽率、地面以上株高和干重分别增加23%、23.05%和20.62%;施入煤矸石超过40%时将导致各项指标有所下降;(3)采用单因子污染指数法进行食品质量评价,加入煤矸石量分别为0%、13%和26%时,产品污染指数分别为0.69、0.79和0.93,属于清洁水平;而加入煤矸石量为40%和53%时,污染指数分别为1.12(轻污染水平)和1.38(轻污染水平)。煤矸石可增加植物生长过程所需营养物质而作为贫瘠土壤的改良剂,实现煤矸石资源化并改善矿区生态环境。
Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of applying different amounts of coal gangue (0%, 13%, 26%, 40%, 53%) on the improvement of poor soil and on the growth quality of Chinese cabbage. The results showed that: (1) The migration ability of Pb in mixed medium was poor, and the accumulation of Pb in cabbage was positively correlated with the biomass of plant body; (2) The germination rate, length of root system, plant height above ground and biomass The amount of Dengjun reached the best when the proportion of coal gangue applied was 26%, the germination rate, the above-ground plant height and dry weight increased by 23%, 23.05% and 20.62% respectively; when more than 40% gangue was applied, (3) The single factor pollution index method was used to evaluate the quality of foodstuffs. When the amount of coal gangue was 0%, 13% and 26% respectively, the product pollution index was 0.69, 0.79 and 0.93 respectively, which belonged to the clean level. However, when the amount of coal gangue was 40% and 53%, the pollution index was 1.12 (light pollution level) and 1.38 (light pollution level) respectively. Coal gangue can increase the nutrients required by plant growth process as a poor soil amendments, to achieve coal gangue resource and improve mining ecological environment.