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以长江河口区为研究区域,选取与作物生长密切相关的理化性质作为土壤质量指标,根据作物效应和河口地区的实际情况,采用了抛物线型隶属度函数、生长指数型曲线隶属度函数(S型)和戒下型隶属度函数(Z型)三种方法确定各指标隶属度值,分别采用主成分分析法和灰色关联度法确定权重系数,应用综合指数法对土壤质量进行综合评价。结果表明研究区表土层浅薄,大部分地方土壤或地下水还含有较高盐分,土壤pH值普遍较高,土壤养分含量低且不均,比例失调。主成分分析法和灰色关联度法两种评价方法相关性很好,评价结果具有相当一致性。土壤质量综合评价分级图表明,这一地区土壤质量状况总体偏低,大多处于中下水平,且研究区不同部位土壤质量状况差异非常明显。该结果为河口地区土壤质量改良及科学管理提供参考。
Taking the Yangtze River Estuary as the research area, physical and chemical properties closely related to crop growth were selected as soil quality indicators. According to the crop effect and the actual situation in estuarine area, the parabolic membership function and the growth index type membership function (S type (Z type) were used to determine the membership values of each index. The principal component analysis and gray relational method were used to determine the weight coefficients. The comprehensive index method was used to evaluate the soil quality comprehensively. The results showed that the topsoil was shallow in the study area, most of the local soil or groundwater also contained higher salinity, the soil pH was generally higher, the soil nutrient content was low and uneven, and the proportion was imbalanced. The two methods of principal component analysis and gray relational method have good correlation, and the evaluation results are quite consistent. The grading map of comprehensive evaluation of soil quality shows that the soil quality conditions in this area are generally low, mostly at the lower and middle levels, and the differences in soil quality in different parts of the study area are obvious. The results provide reference for soil quality improvement and scientific management in estuarine area.