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去年(1990年)3月24日澳大利亚举行联邦政府普选。在选举前夕,竞选双方的力量旗鼓相当,大部分的评论家竟难以判断执政党要连任还是反对党会获胜。这篇报告先介绍澳大利亚政治和选举制度,然后分析去年普选的结果。澳大利亚的联邦制度和选举制度澳大利亚选举制度属于西方民主传统。这个西方民主传统有两个重要的基本原则:第一,社会的基本单位是个人;第二,在法律的面前,每一个公民有平等的权利。所以在选举时每一个公民都有平等的投票权。所有的西方民主国家的选举当然都有各自的特点。澳大利亚的选举制度有三个值得注意的特点。第一个特点就是澳大利亚的政治制度
Last year (1990) held on March 24 in Australia, the federal government universal suffrage. On the eve of the election, the two sides have the same amount of energy and most critics find it hard to judge whether the ruling party will be reelected or if the opposition party will win the election. This report first introduces the Australian political and electoral system and then analyzes the outcome of last year’s universal suffrage. Australian Federal System and Electoral System The Australian electoral system belongs to the Western democratic tradition. This Western democratic tradition has two important basic principles: first, the basic unit of society is an individual; and secondly, before the law, every citizen has equal rights. So every citizen has equal voting rights at the election. Of course, all the elections in Western democracies have their own characteristics. There are three noteworthy features of the electoral system in Australia. The first feature is the Australian political system