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目的了解艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称HIV/AIDS病人)的生活质量及其影响因素,为社会支持提供依据。方法选择陕西省山阳县、武功县HIV/AIDS病人33例,采用世界卫生组织生活质量量表(WHOQOL-BREF)对其进行调查,对相关数据进行描述性统计和多重线性回归分析。结果超过半数调查对象感染HIV后感到羞愧、自责、痛苦、恐惧、绝望,且山阳县HIV/AIDS病人感到羞愧和自责的比例显著高于武功县。一半以上的HIV/AIDS病人认为自己的生活质量一般。约1/3的HIV/AIDS病人对自身的健康状况满意。健康状况的主观感受、心理领域得分和参加活动3个因素影响HIV/AIDS病人的生活质量,并且3个因素均为正向影响因素。结论鼓励与支持HIV/AIDS病人积极参加社会活动,提高其对健康状况的主观感受,促进心理健康,均能提高他们的生活质量。
Objective To understand the quality of life and its influencing factors of HIV / AIDS patients (referred to as HIV / AIDS patients) and provide the basis for social support. Methods Thirty-three HIV / AIDS patients in Shanyang County and Wugong County of Shaanxi Province were selected and investigated by World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF). Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis were performed on the data. Results More than half of the respondents were ashamed of humiliation, self-esteem, pain, fear and despair. HIV / AIDS patients in Shanyang County were significantly more ashamed and self-blame than those in Wugong County. More than half of HIV / AIDS patients think their quality of life is average. Approximately one third of HIV / AIDS patients are satisfied with their own health. Subjective feelings of health, scores of psychological field and participation in activities affect the quality of life of HIV / AIDS patients, and three factors are positive factors. Conclusion Encouraging and supporting HIV / AIDS patients to actively participate in social activities, improve their subjective feelings of health status, and promote mental health, can improve their quality of life.