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本文将市场扭曲界定为由于市场的不完善所导致的资源配置对帕累托最优状态的偏离,并根据其在生产可能性曲线上的不同状态,把市场扭曲分为三类:技术扭曲、产品市场的价格扭曲、要素市场的价格扭曲。在此基础之上,本文选取1996—2007年的年度数据,建立一个包含全国36个工业部门的Panel Data模型来统一测度我国工业行业市场的扭曲程度,并将数据在时间上划分为三个阶段,进一步研究我国市场扭曲程度随时间变化的趋势。计量分析结果表明:我国工业行业的市场扭曲程度在不同的时间段内差异很大,但总体上呈现出下降的趋势;转轨阶段国有企业的体制变化和国家的产业政策是影响我国市场扭曲的重要因素;由于我国传统意义上的垄断行业形成的特殊性,垄断行业的市场扭曲程度在这三个阶段里并没有发生明显的变化。因此,应通过深化经济体制改革,特别是对垄断行业的企业体制和价格体制改革,以及完善现行的产业政策,建立充分竞争的市场机制,来降低我国工业行业市场扭曲的程度。
In this paper, market distortions are defined as deviations of resource allocation from Pareto optimality due to market imperfections, and the market distortions are divided into three categories according to their different states on the production possibility curve: technical distortions, Product price distortions in the market, factor price distortions in the market. On this basis, this paper selects annual data from 1996-2007 to establish a Panel Data model that includes 36 industrial sectors nationwide to measure the degree of distortion of China’s industrial market and to divide the data in three stages , To further study the trend of market distortion in China over time. The results of econometric analysis show that the degree of market distortions in China’s industrial sector varies greatly in different time periods, but generally shows a declining trend. In the transitional period, the structural changes in state-owned enterprises and the state’s industrial policies are important in affecting market distortions in China Due to the particularity of monopoly industries in our country, the degree of market distortions in monopoly industries did not change significantly in these three phases. Therefore, we should reduce the degree of market distortions in China’s industrial sectors by deepening the reform of the economic system, in particular, reforming the corporate system and price system in the monopoly industries, and perfecting the existing industrial policies and establishing a fully competitive market mechanism.